April 2008 cover featuring Princess Eugenie of York |
|
| Editor | Kate Reardon |
|---|---|
| Categories | Fashion |
| Frequency | Monthly |
| Circulation | 88,000[1] |
| First issue | 1709 |
| Company | Condé Nast Publications |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Language | English |
| Website | Tatler.co.uk |
Tatler has been the name of several British journals and magazines, each of which has viewed itself as the successor of the original literary and society journal founded by Richard Steele in 1709. The current incarnation, founded in 1901, is a glossy magazine published by Condé Nast Publications focusing on the glamorous lives and lifestyles of the upper class. A 300th anniversary party for the magazine was held in October 2009.[1]
Contents |
The original Tatler was founded in 1709 by Richard Steele, who used the nom de plume "Isaac Bickerstaff, Esquire", the first such consistently adopted journalistic persona,[2] which adapted to the first person, as it were, the 17th-century genre of "characters", as first established in English by Sir Thomas Overbury and soon to be expanded by Lord Shaftesbury's Characteristics (1711). Steele's idea was to publish the news and gossip heard in London coffeehouses, hence the title, and seemingly, from the opening paragraph, to leave the subject of politics to the newspapers,[3] while presenting Whiggish views and correcting middle-class manners, while instructing "these Gentlemen, for the most part being Persons of strong Zeal, and weak Intellects...what to think." To assure complete coverage of local gossip, a reporter was placed in each of the city's popular coffeehouses, or at least such were the datelines: accounts of manners and mores were datelined from White's; literary notes from Will's; notes of antiquarian interest were dated from the Grecian Coffee House; and news items from St. James’s Coffee House.
In its first incarnation, it was published three times a week. The original Tatler was published for only two years, from 12 April 1709 to 2 January 1711. A collected edition was published in 1710–11, with the title The Lucubrations of Isaac Bickerstaff, Esq.[4] Two months after the final edition, Steele and Joseph Addison, another major contributor to Tatler, co-founded The Spectator magazine.
Several later journals revived the name Tatler.[1] Three short series are preserved in the Burney Collection:[5]
James Watson, who had previously reprinted the London Tatler in Edinburgh, began his own Tatler there on 13 January 1711, with "Donald Macstaff of the North" replacing Isaac Bickerstaffe.[6]
Three months after the original Tatler was first published, an unknown woman writer using the pen name "Mrs. Crackenthorpe" published what was called the Female Tatler. Scholars from the 1960s to the 1990s thought the anonymous woman might have been Delarivier Manley, but she was subsequently ruled out as author and the woman remains unknown. However, its run was much shorter: the magazine ran for less than a year—from 8 July 1709 to 31 March 1710.[7] The London Tatler[8] and the Northern Tatler[9] were later 18th-century imitations. The Tatler Reviv'd ran for 17 issues from October 1727 to January 1728; another publication of the same name had six issues in March 1750.[10]
On 4 September 1830, Leigh Hunt launched The Tatler: A Daily Journal of Literature and the Stage. He edited it till 13 February 1832, and others continued it till 20 October 1832.[11]
The current publication, named after Steele's periodical, was introduced on 3 July 1901 by Clement Shorter, publisher of The Sphere. For some time a weekly publication, it had a subtitle varying on "an illustrated journal of society and the drama" It contained news and pictures of high society balls, charity events, race meetings, shooting parties, fashion and gossip, with cartoons by "The Tout" and H. M. Bateman.
In 1940, it absorbed The Bystander. In 1961, Illustrated Newspapers, which published Tatler, The Sphere, and The Illustrated London News, was bought by Roy Thomson.[12] In 1965, Tatler was rebranded London Life.[13][14] In 1968, it was bought by Guy Wayte's Illustrated County Magazine group and the Tatler name restored.[15] Wayte's group had a number of county magazines in the style of Tatler, each of which mixed the same syndicated content with county-specific local content.[15] Wayte, "a moustachioed playboy of a conman"[16] was convicted of fraud in 1980 for inflating the Tatler's circulation figures from 15,000 to 49,000.[17]
The magazine was sold and relaunched as a monthly magazine in 1977, called Tatler & Bystander till 1982.[14] Tina Brown, editor 1979–83, created a vibrant and youthful Tatler and is credited with putting the edge, the irony and the wit back into what was then an almost moribund social title. She referred to it as an upper class comic and by increasing its influence and circulation made it an interesting enough operation for the then owner, Gary Bogard, to sell to the Publishers Condé Nast. She was subsequently airlifted to New York to another Condé Nast title, Vanity Fair.
Several editors later and a looming recession and the magazine was once again ailing and Jane Procter was brought in to re-invent the title for the 1990s. With a sound appreciation of the times – the need for bite not bitch – plus intriguing, newsworthy and gently satirical content, she succeeded in making Tatler a glamorous must-read way beyond its previous social remit. The circulation tripled to over 90,000 – its highest ever figure, although this figure was exceeded five years later by Geordie Greig. The magazine created various supplements including The Travel and Restaurant Guides, the often referred to and closely watched Most Invited and The Little Black Book lists, and the hugely popular parties that accompanied them.
One of Tatler's most talked about annual features is The Little Black Book. An annual compilation of the 100 most eligible below-thirty-somethings in London. It is generally made up of an assortment of heirs, aristocrats and European royalty.
| Clement Shorter | 1901– | |
| Edward Peter Huskinson | 1908–40 | Killed in 1941 by a train at Savernake station.[18] |
| Reginald Stewart Hooper | 1940–45 | Died in office. Previously editor of The Bystander from 1932.[19] |
| Col. Sean Fielding | 1946–54[20] | later of the Daily Express |
| Lt-Col. Philip Youngman-Carter | 1954–57 | earlier worked for Fielding as editor of Soldier[21] |
| Mark Boxer | 1965 | Officially "editorial director" of London Life. He was also the Times political cartoonist and creator of the Sunday Times magazine[13] |
| Ian Howard[13] | 1965– | |
| Robert Innes-Smith[15] | 1968 | |
| Leslie Field | 1978– | The first woman, and only American, editor.[22] |
| Tina Brown[1] | 1979–83 | |
| Libby Purves | 1983[23][24] | |
| Mark Boxer | 1983–88[24] | Second term; retired just before his death from brain cancer.[25] |
| Emma Soames | 1988–90[24] | |
| Jane Procter | 1990–99[26] | |
| Geordie Greig[27] | 1999–2009[28] | resigned to become editor of the Evening Standard[28] |
| Catherine Ostler | 2009–2011 | Previously editor of the Evening Standard's ES magazine, resigned December 2010.[24][29] |
| Kate Reardon | 2011- | Previously contributing editor of Vanity Fair and fashion editor of Tatler before that. Also a columnist for the Daily Mail and The Times.[30] |
There are also 14 Tatlers in Asia – Hong Kong Tatler (launched 1977), Singapore Tatler (1982), Malaysia Tatler (1989), Thailand Tatler (1991), Philippine Tatler (2001), Indonesia Tatler (2000), Beijing Tatler, Shanghai Tatler (both 2001), Macau Tatler, Taiwan Tatler (2008), Chongqing Tatler (2010), Jiangsu Tatler (2010), Sichuan Tatler (2010) and Zhejiang Tatler (2010). The Asian Tatlers are now owned by the Swiss-based Edipresse Group.
Other magazines named Tatler have no connection to the London magazine or Condé Nast, although their content is a similar mix of fashion and local high-society news.
The Irish Tatler was founded by H. Crawford Hartnell in 1890 as The Lady of the House,[31] and later renamed Irish Sketch and Irish Tatler and Sketch.[32] Noelle Campbell Sharp renamed it IT in 1979.[33] She sold it to Robert Maxwell in 1989; Smurfit publications bought it after Maxwell's death. It is now Irish Tatler.[32]
Ulster Tatler has been published in Belfast since 1966.
The New York Tatler Social Digest merged in 1929 with the American Sketch to give Tatler and American Sketch.[34] John S. Schem closed the magazine in 1933 after legal trouble arising from its grading of New York débutantes, on a scale running "A", "B", "C", "D", and "E–Z".[35]